If I were you I'd use "cp -a" which preserves file permissions and modification time.
What you wrote about rsync is a bit odd. Depending on how you set it up, first time it normally does require to copy everything over. But on next copies, it only needs to copy the changed files, which, in case you don't make too many changes to your files should take considerably less time.
If you need help setting-up rsync, see here: http://wiki.dns323.info/howto:backup