First - a reset to factory defaults does not cause a loss of data - although, it deletes any users and their passwords, which might make getting access to the data a little more challenging.
Second - I don't see a point to rebooting the router and futzing around with cables, etc. - I also don't see why the DNS-323 not appearing in the router's client table should be a problem (although you may have provided that bit of information as an additional symptom) - since you can connect to it at 192.168.0.115.
I won't go into the details, but it is quite normal for devices connected on a network not to show in the router (or DHCP server) client listing if they have not communicated with or through the router, and especially if they have a static ip address (you haven't told us how your DNS-323 gets it's ip address).
You also haven't told us how you're trying to access the DNS-323 (apart from ftp), so since it's available via ftp at 192.168.0.115, start by attempting to reach it at that address in your browser - you should be able to see the admin web pages (check the status whilst you're there - can you see all your disks?), and then map a drive letter to it at that address using UNC notation (\\192.168.0.115\Volume_1) and try to access it.
If you still can't reach your data, reboot the DNS and see what happens.
Next - what is/was the drive configuration on the DNS-323? Standard volumes, RAID0, RAID1, JBOD?
It should be possible to retrieve data from standard volumes or RAID1, RAID0 and JBOD are going to be a lot more difficult.