The way I explain it is that the disk transfer is like a chain ...
You start with a file on a disk, and read that file, then you transfer the data through the disk interface, through the computers expansion bus, through a network interface, across a network, through a second network interface, across a second expansion bus, through a second disk interface, and finally write the file to the second disk.
The maximum throughput is limited to that of the slowest channel in the chain - things like network drivers can have an inexplicable impact on throughput - I've seen Realtek gigabit NICs max out at 70 mbps (that is not a typo) when used with a generic Microsoft provided driver.
The same no doubt goes for disk controller drivers, but how often do we pay attention to those?