I have the same problem on my recently acquired DWA-582 PCIe card, I'm on Windows 10 x64 Edu with 1803 build, I've tried both driver 1.02B01 and 1.05B Beta, the 802.11 a/n/ac mode is broken for the device with Win 10 1803, however 802.11 b/n or any other band that works only on 2.4GHz works fine.
Problem case steps:
1. Try to connect to 5GHz Access Point provided by router.
2. Insert wifi password and press connect.
3. Windows tries to connect , shows  "getting network requirements" status message.
4. After a couple of seconds( max ~1 min) the adapter fails completely and resets
Fails completely: Windows stops seeing it, it disappears from Device Manager, Network Adapter and the notification icon turns on like there is no cable connected( falls back to the motherboards' LAN card which is not plugged anywhere)
5. After 5-10 seconds(this can be skipped by right clicking and selecting "Scan for new hardware" in Device Manager), the device is back up, not connected to anything
6. Trying to connect to 5Ghz access point results in the same steps as above however sometimes it connects but not for more than 5 minutes at a time and repeating the 4th step.
I've tried:
1.Resetting the router
2.Renaming the access points.
3.Deleting all cache and settings in Windows regarding networking
4.Uninstalled and reinstalled the drivers and the PCI-E Card following and not following the instructions on the order of connecting the device.
5.Tried with WPA2, WEP and no security.
I have a custom built PC:
Specs: 
Operating System
	Windows 10 Education 64-bit
CPU
	AMD Ryzen 5 1600X
	14nm Technology
RAM
	8.00GB Dual-Channel Unknown @ 1197MHz (16-16-16-39)
Motherboard
	ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. PRIME B350M-E (AM4)
There is only Windows Defender installed on the machine, totally unrelated
Searching through the Events log :
Details about network adapter diagnosis: 
Network adapter Wi-Fi driver information:
   Description . . . . . . . . . . : D-Link DWA-582 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band PCI Express Adapter
   Manufacturer  . . . . . . . . . : D-Link Corporation
   Provider  . . . . . . . . . . . : D-Link Corporation
   Version   . . . . . . . . . . . : 2023.67.925.2017
   Inf File Name . . . . . . . . . : C:\WINDOWS\INF\oem59.inf
   Inf File Date . . . . . . . . . : Friday, February 9, 2018  2:27:18 PM
   Section Name  . . . . . . . . . : GEN8812ae_beamformcap.ndi
   Hardware ID . . . . . . . . . . : pci\ven_10ec&dev_8812&subsys_33051186
   Instance Status Flags . . . . . : 0x180200a
   Device Manager Status Code  . . : 0
   IfType  . . . . . . . . . . . . : 71
   Physical Media Type . . . . . . : 9
Details about wireless connectivity diagnosis: 
Information for connection being diagnosed
 Interface GUID: f113b6a2-f8f2-4db0-bedf-8fccee73a855
 Interface name: D-Link DWA-582 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band PCI Express Adapter
 Interface type: Native Wi-Fi
 Profile: Discovery connection
 SSID: NoCableNoProblem5GHz
 SSID length: 20
 Connection mode: Infra
 Security: Yes
 Connect even if network is not broadcasting: No
Connection incident diagnosed
 Auto Configuration ID: 1
 Connection ID: 2
Connection status summary
 Connection started at: 2018-07-13 19:41:08-894
 Profile match: Success
 Pre-Association: Success
 Association: Fail
 Security and Authentication: Not started
List of visible access point(s): 14 item(s) total, 14 item(s) displayed
        BSSID		BSS Type PHY	Signal(dB)	Chnl/freq    SSID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
F8-1A-67-56-41-02	Infra	 <unknown>	-78		13	 abenet
FA-8F-CA-34-30-0E	Infra	 <unknown>	-80		11	 (Unnamed Network)
44-E9-DD-98-AB-26	Infra	 <unknown>	-80		11	 HomeBox-AB20_2.4G
BC-25-E0-BE-07-3C	Infra	 <unknown>	-78		2	 HUAWEI-E5180-073D
00-1E-80-23-9F-71	Infra	 <unknown>	-78		5	 1441013
00-1E-80-21-1B-95	Infra	 <unknown>	-74		1	 04271195
56-64-D9-BB-AE-37	Infra	 <unknown>	-70		11	 Net Til Nasserøve
54-64-D9-BB-AE-36	Infra	 <unknown>	-69		11	 Hr og Fru Danmark
10-13-31-64-97-FF	Infra	 <unknown>	-56		6	 NoCableSomeProblemOn2.4
12-13-31-64-97-08	Infra	 <unknown>	-52		5180000	 NoCableNoProblem5GHz
00-1E-80-27-0B-50	Infra	 <unknown>	-85		11	 1440604
54-64-D9-BB-AE-3A	Infra	 <unknown>	-74		5520000	 HomeBox-AE30_5G
00-1E-80-21-1B-94	Infra	 <unknown>	-72		1	 04271195_2.4GHz
00-1E-80-1E-B5-C7	Infra	 <unknown>	-86		1	 04119186
Connection History
 Information for Auto Configuration ID 2
  List of visible networks: 0 item(s) total, 0 item(s) displayed
  List of preferred networks: 0 item(s)
 Information for Auto Configuration ID 1
  List of visible networks: 14 item(s) total, 14 item(s) displayed
  BSS Type PHY	Security	Signal(RSSI)	Compatible	SSID
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		5	Yes		1440604
  Infra	 <unknown>	No		25	Yes		(Unnamed Network)
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		35	Yes		HomeBox-AB20_2.4G
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		45	Yes		1441013
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		50	Yes		HomeBox-AE30_5G
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		55	Yes		04271195
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		95	Yes		Net Til Nasserøve
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		95	Yes		Hr og Fru Danmark
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		100	Yes		NoCableSomeProblemOn2.4
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		100	Yes		NoCableNoProblem5GHz
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		35	Yes		HUAWEI-E5180-073D
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		65	Yes		04271195_2.4GHz
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		14	Yes		04119186
  Infra	 <unknown>	Yes		35	Yes		abenet
  List of preferred networks: 0 item(s)
 Information for Connection ID 2
 Connection started at: 2018-07-13 19:41:08-894
  Auto Configuration ID: 1
  Profile: Discovery connection
  SSID: NoCableNoProblem5GHz
  SSID length: 20
  Connection mode: Infra
  Security: Yes
  Pre-Association and Association
   Connectivity settings provided by hardware manufacturer (IHV): No
   Security settings provided by hardware manufacturer (IHV): No
   Profile matches network requirements: Success
   Pre-association status: Success
   Association status: Fail 0x00038002
   Association reason code: 0x00000001
 Information for Connection ID 1
 Connection started at: 2018-07-13 19:41:08-877
  Auto Configuration ID: 1
  Profile: Discovery connection
  SSID: NoCableNoProblem5GHz
  SSID length: 20
  Connection mode: Infra
  Security: Yes
  Pre-Association and Association
   Connectivity settings provided by hardware manufacturer (IHV): Yes
   Security settings provided by hardware manufacturer (IHV): Yes
   Profile matches network requirements: Success
   Pre-association status: Fail 0x00000000
   Association status: Fail 0x00000000
   Association reason code: 0x00000000
Details about wireless connectivity diagnosis: 
For complete information about this session see the wireless connectivity information event.
Helper Class: Auto Configuration
 Initialize status: Success
Information for connection being diagnosed
 Interface GUID: f113b6a2-f8f2-4db0-bedf-8fccee73a855
 Interface name: D-Link DWA-582 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band PCI Express Adapter
 Interface type: Native Wi-Fi
 Profile: Discovery connection
 SSID: NoCableNoProblem5GHz
 SSID length: 20
 Connection mode: Infra
 Security: Yes
 Connect even if network is not broadcasting: No
Result of diagnosis: Problem found
 Issue referred to: RNWF MSM Helper Class
Root cause:
Windows could not connect to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz"
You can try to connect again.
Repair option:
Resetting your wireless network adapter
This will disable and then enable the network adapter "Wi-Fi" on this computer.
Details about wireless network adapter diagnosis: 
For complete information about this session see the wireless connectivity information event.
Helper Class: Native Wi-Fi MSM
 Initialize status: Success
Information for connection being diagnosed
 Interface GUID: f113b6a2-f8f2-4db0-bedf-8fccee73a855
 Interface name: D-Link DWA-582 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band PCI Express Adapter
 Interface type: Native Wi-Fi
 Profile: Discovery connection
 SSID: NoCableNoProblem5GHz
 SSID length: 20
 Connection mode: Infra
 Security: Yes
 Connect even if network is not broadcasting: No
Result of diagnosis: Problem found
Root cause:
Wireless association to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz" failed for an unknown reason
Detailed root cause:
802.11 connection failed due to status code 1: unspecified failure
Repair option:
Try connecting to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz" again
If the problem continues, try resetting the access point, or contact the network administrator or your hardware manufacturer for further assistance.
The Network Diagnostics Framework has completed the diagnosis phase of operation. The following repair option was offered: 
Helper Class Name: RNWF MSM Helper Class
Root Cause: Wireless association to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz" failed for an unknown reason 
Root Cause Guid: {5c92e4e9-4699-418c-9db6-82d57dcbf59f} 
Repair option: Try connecting to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz" again
If the problem continues, try resetting the access point, or contact the network administrator or your hardware manufacturer for further assistance. 
RepairGuid: {b56fdaca-62e3-43ef-8110-bc3e71360b84} 
Seconds required for repair: 300 
Security context required for repair: 0
Interface: Wi-Fi ({f113b6a2-f8f2-4db0-bedf-8fccee73a855})
The Network Diagnostics Framework has completed the diagnosis phase of operation. The following repair option was offered: 
Helper Class Name: RNWF MSM Helper Class
Root Cause: Wireless association to "NoCableNoProblem5GHz" failed for an unknown reason 
Root Cause Guid: {5c92e4e9-4699-418c-9db6-82d57dcbf59f} 
Repair option: Resetting your wireless network adapter
This will disable and then enable the network adapter "Wi-Fi" on this computer. 
RepairGuid: {07d37f7b-fa5e-4443-bda7-ab107b29afb9} 
Seconds required for repair: 300 
Security context required for repair: 80
Interface: Wi-Fi ({f113b6a2-f8f2-4db0-bedf-8fccee73a855})
WLAN Extensibility Module has stopped.
Module Path: C:\WINDOWS\system32\Rtlihvs.dll
WLAN Extensibility Module has successfully started.
Module Path: C:\WINDOWS\system32\Rtlihvs.dll
Also regarding the last 2 error messages a quick search on google say that and I quote "This issue may occur due to corrupted or incompatible drivers, missing updates or due to incorrect network connection settings."
I live in Europe, my SSIDs are: NoCableSomeProblem2.4 and NoCableNoProblem5GHz.
Any other details can be provided.